Wooden language is language that uses vague, ambiguous, abstract or pompous words in order to divert attention from the salient issues.[Caparini, Marina; Fluri, Philipp (2006). Civil Society and the Security Sector: Concepts and Practices in New Democracies, LIT Verlag Berlin–Hamburg–Münster, .] The French scholar Françoise Thom identified four characteristics of wooden language: abstraction and the avoidance of the concrete, tautologies, bad , and Manichaeism that divides the world into good and evil.[Michiko Kakutani, "The death of truth". The Guardian, 14 July 2018] The phrase is a Calque of the French expression langue de bois which appears to have been coined by Georges Clemenceau in 1919, and became widely used during the 1970s and 1980s after being brought back into French from Russian via Polish.[
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In France, wooden language is commonly and strongly associated with politicians and the conditioning at the elite École nationale d'administration, as attested by intellectual Michel Butor: "We have had, among the misfortunes of France, the creation by General de Gaulle of the École nationale d'administration which holds the monopoly of the training of politicians. They have to go through there, where they learn the wooden language".[Emmanuel Legeard, "Une Conversation avec Michel Butor", Le Monde, March 2016 ]
The fictional language of Newspeak in George Orwell's novel Nineteen Eighty-Four often mirrors and satirizes wooden language.[
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